How scalability and fault tolerance is an important requirement of cloud computing.

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 SCALABILITY AND FAULT TOLERANCE

  • Scalability refers to the capacity to scale facilities and services on-demand as needed by the user.  Scaling is beyond bounds, which implies we have no idea what the limit will be. Cloud middleware is built with scalability in mind across several dimensions, such as performance, size, and load. Cloud middleware controls a large number of resources and users who rely on the cloud to acquire resources that they cannot access on-premises without incurring administrative and maintenance fees. These expenses are borne by whoever creates, operates, and maintains the cloud middleware and provides the service to clients.
  • So, in this general scenario, the capacity to endure failure is typical, but it becomes more essential than delivering an efficient and optimized system at times. According to the general conclusion, 'it is a difficult challenge for cloud providers to design such highly scalable and fault-tolerant systems that can get maintained while still providing competitive performance.'
  • VMware vSphere Fault Tolerance (FT) creates a live shadow version of a virtual machine that replicates the original virtual machine to offer continuous availability for applications (with up to four virtual CPUs). If a hardware failure occurs, vSphere FT initiates a failover to reduce downtime and data loss. Following failover, vSphere FT builds a new, secondary virtual machine to provide ongoing protection for the application.
  • VMware Fault Tolerance ensures continuous availability for virtual machines by building and maintaining a Secondary VM that is identical to the Primary VM and is constantly available to replace it in the case of a failover emergency. Most mission-critical virtual machines have Fault Tolerance enabled. The Secondary VM is a second virtual machine that operates in virtual lockstep with the Primary VM. VMware vLockstep records inputs and events on the Primary VM and forwards them to the Secondary VM, which is running on a different host. Using this information, the execution of the Secondary VM is similar to that of the Primary VM. Because the Secondary VM is in virtual lockstep with the Primary VM, it may take over execution at any time without interruption, providing fault tolerance.

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